National education in Hong Kong

Beijing has issued a new set of “patriotic education” guidelines, vowing to ramp up efforts to unite the country’s 1.4 billion population amid continuing social unrest in Hong Kong. Compared to the previous guidelines, published in 1994, the new framework goes a step further in emphasizing the role of the party in the country.  The new document explicitly defines patriotism as not just love of the country but also of the ruling Chinese Communist Party and its official political ideology. “The fates of the country and the party and socialism are inseparable,” the guidelines said, echoing previous remarks by President Xi Jinping. The guidelines, jointly issued by the Communist Party’s Central